Civil Service Exam Syllabus for IAS Main Exam – History - Paper I
Paper – II
Section – A
1. European Penetration into India :
The Early European Settlements; The Portuguese and the Dutch; The English and the French East India Companies; Their struggle for supremacy; Carnatic Wars; Bengal – The conflict between the English and the Nawabs of Bengal; Siraj and the English; The Battle of Plassey; Significance of Plassey.
2. British Expansion in India :
Bengal – Mir Jafar and Mir Kasim; The Battle of Buxar; Mysore; The Marathas; The three Anglo – Maratha Wars; The Punjab.
3. Early Structure of the British Raj :
The early administrative structure; From diarchy to direct control; The Regulating Act ( 1773 ); The Pitt’s India Act ( 1784 ); The Charter Act ( 1833 ); The voice of free trade and the changing character of British colonial rule; The English utilitarian and India.
4. Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule :
- Land revenue settlements in British India; The Permanent Settlement; Ryotwari Settlement; Mahalwari Settlement; Economic impact of the revenue arrangements; Commercialization of agriculture; Rise of landless agrarian labourers; Impoverishment of the rural society.
- Dislocation of traditional trade and commerce; De – industrialisation; Decline of traditional crafts; Drain of wealth; Economic transformation of India; Railroad and communication network including telegraph and postal services; Famine and poverty in the rural interior; European business enterprise and its limitations.
5. Social and Cultural Developments :
The state of indigenous education, its dislocation; Orientalist – Anglicist controversy, The introduction of western education in India; The rise of press, literature and public opinion; The rise of modern vernacular literature; Progress of science; Christian missionary activities in India.
6. Social and Religious Reform movements in Bengal and Other Areas :
Ram Mohan Roy, The Brahmo Movement; Devendranath Tagore; Iswarchandra Vidyasagar; The Young Bengal Movement; Dayanada Saraswati; The social reform movements in India including Sati, widow remarriage, child marriage etc.; The contribution of Indian renaissance to the growth of modern India; Islamic revivalism – the Feraizi and Wahabi Movements.
7. Indian Response to British Rule :
Peasant movements and tribal uprisings in the 18th and 19th centuries including the Rangpur Dhing ( 1783 ), the Kol Rebellion ( 1832 ), the Mopla Rebellion in Malabar ( 1841 – 1920 ), the Santal Hul ( 1855 ), Indigo Rebellion ( 1859 – 60 ), Deccan Uprising ( 1875 ) and the Munda Ulgulan ( 1899 – 1900 ); The Great Revolt of 1857 – Origin, character, causes of failure, the consequences; The shift in the character of peasant uprisings in the post – 1857 period; the peasant movements of the 1920s and 1930s.
8. Factors leading to the birth of Indian Nationalism; Politics of Association; The Foundation of the Indian National Congress; The Safety – valve thesis relating to the birth of the Congress; Programme and objectives of Early Congress; the social composition of early Congress leadership; the Moderates and Extremists; The Partition of Bengal ( 1905 ); The Swadeshi Movement in Bengal; the economic and political aspects of Swadeshi Movement; The beginning of revolutionary extremism in India.
9. Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhi’s popular appeal; Rowlatt Satyagraha; the Khilafat Movement; the Non – cooperation Movement; National politics from the end of the Non – cooperation movement to the beginning of the Civil Disobedience movement; the two phases of the Civil Disobedience Movement; Simon Commission; The Nehru Report; the Round Table Conferences; Nationalism and the Peasant Movements; Nationalism and Working class movements; Women and Indian youth and students in Indian politics ( 1885 – 1947 ); the election of 1937 and the formation of ministries; Cripps Mission; the Quit India Movement; the Wavell Plan; The Cabinet Mission.
10. Constitutional Developments in the Colonial India between 1858 and 1935
11. Other strands in the National Movement The Revolutionaries : Bengal, the Punjab, Maharashtra, U.P, the Madras Presidency, Outside India.
The Left; The Left within the Congress : Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose, the Congress Socialist Party; the Communist Party of India, other left parties.
12. Politics of Separatism; the Muslim League; the Hindu Mahasabha; Communalism and the politics of partition; Transfer of power; Independence.
13. Consolidation as a Nation; Nehru’s Foreign Policy; India and her neighbours ( 1947 – 1964 ); The linguistic reorganisation of States ( 1935-1947 ); Regionalism and regional inequality; Integration of Princely States; Princes in electoral politics; the Question of National Language.
14. Caste and Ethnicity after 1947; Backward castes and tribes in post – colonial electoral politics; Dalit movements.
15. Economic development and political change; Land reforms; the politics of planning and rural reconstruction; Ecology and environmental policy in post – colonial India; Progress of science.
16. Enlightenment and Modern ideas :
- Major ideas of Enlightenment : Kant, Rousseau
- Spread of Enlightenment in the colonies
- Rise of socialist ideas ( up to Marx ); spread of Marxian Socialism.
17. Origins of Modern Politics :
- European States System.
- American Revolution and the Constitution.
- French revolution and aftermath, 1789 – 1815.
- American Civil War with reference to Abraham Lincoln and the abolition of slavery.
- British Democratic Politics, 1815 – 1850; Parliamentary Reformers, Free Traders, Chartists.
18. Industrialization :
- English Industrial Revolution : Causes and Impact on Society
- Industrialization in other countries : USA, Germany, Russia, Japan
- Industrialization and Globalization.
19. Nation-State System :
- Rise of Nationalism in 19th century
- Nationalism : state – building in Germany and Italy
- Disintegration of Empires in the face of the emergence of nationalities across the world.
20. Imperialism and Colonialism :
- South and South – East Asia
- Latin America and South Africa
- Australia
- Imperialism and free trade: Rise of neo – imperialism.
21. Revolution and Counter-Revolution :
- 19th Century European revolutions
- The Russian Revolution of 1917 – 1921
- Fascist Counter – Revolution, Italy and Germany.
- The Chinese Revolution of 1949
22. World Wars :
- 1st and 2nd World Wars as Total Wars : Societal implications
- World War I : Causes and consequences
- World War II : Causes and consequence
23. The World after World War II :
- Emergence of two power blocs
- Emergence of Third World and non – alignment
- UNO and the global disputes.
24. Liberation from Colonial Rule :
- Latin America – Bolivar
- Arab World – Egypt
- Africa – Apartheid to Democracy
- South – East Asia – Vietnam
25. Decolonization and Underdevelopment :
- Factors constraining development : Latin America, Africa
26. Unification of Europe :
- Post War Foundations: NATO and European Community
- Consolidation and Expansion of European Community
- European Union.
27. Disintegration of Soviet Union and the Rise of the Unipolar World :
- Factors leading to the collapse of Soviet communism and the Soviet Union,1985 – 1991
- Political Changes in Eastern Europe 1989 – 2001.
- End of the cold war and US ascendancy in the World as the lone superpower.
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